Key definitions
Knowledge Graph
A structured network of entities and relationships. Instead of standards sitting in isolated PDFs or web pages, a knowledge graph connects them β showing prerequisites, progressions, and cross-domain links as queryable data.
Rich Skill Descriptors (RSDs)
Machine-readable definitions of individual skills or competencies. RSDs follow the CTDL standard and include metadata like alignment to frameworks, assessment methods, and occupation links β making skills portable across systems.
CTDL (Credential Transparency Description Language)
An open international standard with 66 metadata types for describing credentials, skills, and competencies. Used by Credential Engine and adopted across the US, EU, and increasingly in Australia.
NZQCF (NZ Qualifications & Credentials Framework)
New Zealand's 10-level framework for organising qualifications from certificates (Level 1) to doctoral degrees (Level 10). This PoC covers standards at Levels 2-5.
Unit Standards vs Skill Standards
Unit standards are the legacy format β specific, prescriptive assessment criteria. Skill standards are the new format being introduced as ISBs replace WDCs (from Jan 2026) β more flexible, outcomes-based, and better suited to micro-credentials.
Micro-credentials
Short, focused qualifications of up to 40 credits at any NZQCF level. Designed for upskilling and reskilling. Currently managed through NZQA's web portal with no structured data layer β a key gap this project addresses.
ISBs (Industry Skills Bodies)
Replaced Workforce Development Councils (WDCs) in January 2026. ISBs like Hanga-Aro-Rau (Manufacturing, Engineering, Logistics) set skill standards and advise on vocational training for their industries.